Post by Brooke Clarkehttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319918302714
That didn't work for me, strangely.
This may (or may not):
<https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360319918302714>
Post by Brooke Clarke"Essentially a proton battery is a reversible PEM fuel cell with an
integrated solid-state electrode for storing
hydrogen in atomic form, rather than as molecular gaseous hydrogen in an
external cylinder. It is thus a hybrid between
a hydrogen-fuel-cell and battery-based system, combining advantages of
both system types. In principle a proton battery
can have a roundtrip energy efficiency comparable to a lithium ion battery."
Technical feasibility of a proton battery with an activated carbon
electrode
They also say:
The experimental results reported here show that a small proton battery
(active area 5.5 cm2) with a porous activated carbon electrode made from
phenolic resin and 10 wt% PTFE binder was able to store in electrolysis
(charge) mode very nearly 1 wt% hydrogen, and release on discharge 0.8 wt%
in fuel cell (electricity supply) mode. A significant design innovation is
the use of a small volume of liquid acid within the porous electrode to
conduct protons (as hydronium) to and from the nafion membrane of the
reversible cell. Hydrogen gas evolution during charging of the activated
carbon electrode was found to be very low until a voltage of around 1.8 V
was reached. Future work is being directed towards increasing current
densities during charging and discharging, multiple cycle testing, and
gaining an improved understanding of the reactions between hydronium and
carbon surfaces.
They do not mention increasing energy density / Hydrogen % mass .
Hmmm ... -scribbles ...
Using ~~ 40 kWh/kg
1kg x 1% x 40 kWh = 400 Wh/kg
That's ~~ equivalent to LiIon technologies!
IF they can get that energy density without extremely high pressures and
temperatures and the Hydrogen diffusion & metal embrittlement when stored
in pressure vessels, then they are indeed winning.
*Seems very apposite:*
*Progress in aqueous rechargeable batteries *
Reviewa article - full free. (CC BY-NC-ND)
https://ac.els-cdn.com/S2468025717301474/1-s2.0-S2468025717301474-main.pdf?_tid=6b64370f-ad96-4530-bcca-700ec6eb868c&acdnat=1520897491_d82607875a18f119e0c7ac980cecd72b
Over the past decades, a series of aqueous rechargeable batteries (ARBs)
were explored, investigated and demonstrated. Among them, aqueous
rechargeable alkali-metal ion (Liþ, Naþ, Kþ) batteries, aqueous
rechargeable-metal ion (Zn2þ, Mg2þ, Ca2þ, Al3þ) batteries and aqueous
rechargeable hybrid batteries are standing out due to peculiar properties.
In this review, we focus on the fundamental basics of these batteries, and
discuss the scientific and/or technological achievements and challenges. By
critically reviewing state-of-the-art technologies and the most promising
results so far, we aim to analyze the benefits of ARBs and the critical
issues to be addressed, and to promote better development of ARBs. © 2017,
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Publishing
services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. This
is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
___________________
*Chitosan–ammonium acetate–ethylene carbonate membrane for proton
batteries*
2014
Free open access - full paper -
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S187853521400077X/pdfft?md5=cb7912ead428b2e12b0feba2a9c9b3d7&pid=1-s2.0-S187853521400077X-main.pdf
*Graphene enhances the proton selectivity of porous membrane in vanadium
flow batteries*
2016
Try everything :-)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127516313107
Twas brilling and the slithey ...
*A morphology strategy to disentangle conductivity–selectivity dilemma in
proton exchange membranes for vanadium flow batteries*
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957582017304172
Russell
--
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